Bronchoscopy inonzi tracheobronchoscopy kana fibrobronchoscopy - iyo inonzi "endoscopic" nzira yekutsanangurira zvakajeka mutsara wematchebronchial muti. Nenzira iri nyore, nzira iyi inobvumira chiremba kuti aone nemeso ake maitiro ezvimedu zvebronchi uye trachea - kuratidzira zvirwere kana kutora mhedziso pamusoro pemamiriro ekurapa kwehutano. Izvozvo ndezvekuti hazviwanzoiti, nokuti, sekutonga, kune zvikonzero zvakakomba zvebronchoscopy, inowanikwa nedzimwe nzira dzekuongorora.
Zviratidzo zvebronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy inogona kuitwa nechinangwa zviviri - kuti uongorore uye kurapwa. Kazhinji kacho, zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuita kwayo zvinogadzirisa kusafungirwa kwekuputika kana kupfugama.
Kana i-ray-ray yakawanikwa ichinyanya kushandiswa mumapapu emapapu, kana kana murwere achiratidza hemoptysis, zvino ichi chiyeuchidzo chakakosha chekuita izvi.
Uyewo, bronchoscopy inogona kubvisa dzimwe nyika. Bronchoscopy haina zvisingabvumirwi kuwirirana neyopsy mumamiriro ezvinhu apo zvakakosha kudzidza nezvemaitiro edzidzo.
Saka, muchidimbu zvinokwanisika kupa dzimwe pfungwa apo bronchoscopy inoratidzwa:
- pamwe nekupisa - kuongorora kwehuwandu hwekuvhiringidza kuhutano hwemapfupa;
- panguva yekukanganwa - kutsanangura chikonzero chinokonzera chiratidzo chisingaperi;
- apo hemoptysis - kuwana chikonzero chekusunungurwa kweropa uye mukoko;
- kuvapo kwemamwe mimwe mitumbi mumitumbi yekufema;
- iyo tsanangudzo yevashandi vezvirwere zvokufema (pamwe nekurwara kwenguva refu);
- kutora mhuka yekuongorora;
- tsanangudzo yemutambo wekenza yemapapu ;
- kuitira kururamiswa kwemishonga.
Nokudaro, bronchoscopy inoratidzira mikana yakawanda yekudzidza maitiro ehutachiona, kururamiswa kwehutano, uye mune dzimwe mamiriro ekurapa.
Pamusoro pokurapa zvinangwa, bronchoscopy inoshandiswa ku:
- kubudiswa kwemumwe mutumbi;
- kubviswa kweropa uye pus;
- kuiswa kwezvinodhaka zvakananga muchero;
- kubviswa kwemapapu ekuparadzwa;
- kudzorera kuburitsa kwetrachea.
Kugadzirira bronchoscopy
Kugadzirira kwebato iri rine zvinhu zvakawanda:
- X-ray yebhokisi, uyewo electrocardiography. Kubvunzurudzwa kwekutanga kunosanganisira tsanangudzo ye urea uye magasi muropa.
- Kunyeverwa kwechiremba pamusoro pekuvapo kana kusavapo kwechirwere cheshuga mellitus, kuora mwoyo kwepfungwa uye chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi ischemic. Kubvuma kwezvinokonzera kuzvidzora uye hormone therapy inofanirawo kuzivisa kugumira kwemazuva asati aitika.
- Bronchoscopy inoitwa mudumbu risina chinhu. Saka, kudya kwekupedzisira hakufaniri kunge kusati kwapera 21:00.
- Kugamuchirwa kwemvura pazuva rekuongorora zvisati zvaitwa zvinorambidzwa.
- Bronchoscopy inogona kuitwa mumakamuri akanyatsogadzirirwa uye mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa, sezvo mukana wehutachiona mumuviri wakanyanya kwazvo. Iva nechokwadi chokuti. Kuti chipatara chinowirirana nezvose zvakasvibiswa.
- Pamberi penzira, varwere vemuviri vanogona kudikanwa mujekiseni inogadzirisa.
- Pamberi penzira, iwe unoda kugadzirira tauro uye napkins, sezvo mushure mekunge iine hemoptysis.
- Uyewo isati yasvika iyo inofanira kubviswa mazino, kurora mapuranga ekururamisa uye kupeta mabheji.
Ko bronchoscopy yakaitwa sei?
Asati aita bronchoscopy yemapapu, murwere anobvisa mbatya dzake dzokunze uye anosunungura muromo wake. Muchirwere chisingaperi chisingagadziriswi uye chirwere chechirwere (zvirwere zvinowanikwa nekuputika kwemapapu), dimedrol, seduxen uye atropine inotarisirwa maminitsi makumi mashanu isati yasvika, uye maminitsi makumi maviri isati yatanga, mhinduro ye euphyllin inotarisirwa. Apo bronchoscopy iri pasi peanesthesia, murwere anowedzera kubvumirwa kuisa salbutamol aerosol, iyo inoderedza bromchi. Kune anesthesia yemunharaunda, nebulizers inoshandiswa kurapa nasopharynx uye oropharynx. Izvi zvakakosha kubvisa the emetic reflex.
Nzvimbo iyo murwere anotora - kureva nhema kana kugara, inoratidzwa nachiremba.
Iko endoscope inowanikwa mumugwagwa wekupumha pasi pekutonga kwemaonero kuburikidza nemhuno kana muromo, mushure mekunge chiremba anoongorora kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo nzvimbo dzekufarira.
Migumisiro ye-bronchoscopy
Kazhinji, bronchoscopy haisi pamwe nemigumisiro yakakomba - kushaya zvishoma uye kuputika mumapapiro mukati mezuva. Zvisinei, pane zviitiko apo masvingo ebronchi akaparara, pneumonia inokura, bronchospasm, kurwisa uye kubuda ropa mushure mekunyora.