Kune boka rezvirwere zvinogona kuiswa munhengo chero ipi zvayo uye zvirongwa zvemuviri womunhu. Utumbo kana interoviruses inowanzobata vana, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusava nekudzivirirwa kwehutachiona uye kukwirira kwepamusoro kune zvirwere. Chimwe chezvirwere ndezvekusiyana kwemafomu uye zviratidzo, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuzviongorora.
Ndeipi utachiona hwe enterovirus?
Ichi chirwere chinosanganisira zvinopfuura zana zvemazana emasero emapatigenic ane zvikamu zveRNA kana DNA. Kuti anzwisise kuti chii chinonzi enterovirus, rutivi rwavo runobatsira. Chirwere chacho ndechemhuri Picornoviridae. Iyo inoumba kirasi yeasiyo isina polioviruses, iyo inosanganisira mafomu mashanu - A, B, C, D uye E. Pakati pawo mavairasi anotevera:
- Coxsackie ;
- ECHO;
- zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki.
Chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa neboka rinotarirwa rezvirwere ndekukurwisana kwekunze kwenyanzvi yezvinhu. Zvirwere zvepachigoni zvinopona mumamiriro ese ezvinhu, uchishandura mabheji akasiyana ekuberekwa, kuunganidza nekuparadzira:
- muviri wemunhu;
- mvura;
- zvokudya zvekudya;
- ivhu.
Utachiona hunopinda muInovirus hunokonzera
Masuo emasuo ehutachiona aya ane mucous membrane yeropa uye chirwere chekupemha. Ingovirus muvana inotanga kukonzera kukanganisa kwemukati kunopisa, uye inopararira mumuviri wose neropa. Masero ePathogenic anogona kuumbwa mune zvigadziriro uye maitiro uye agaramo, zvichiita kuti zvironda zve systemic zvivepo. Kana matanho ekutanga ekubudirira akaratidza utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana - zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvichave zviri nyore pane kuonekwa kwenguva refu kwehutachiona. Pasina kukodzera kurapwa, zvinetso zvakakomba uye zvinotyisa zvinowanzoitika.
Utachiona hwe enterovirus hunoparadzirwa sei?
Izvozvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati zvinonzi ndiyo nzira huru yekuparadzira chirwere ichi. Dzimwe nguva utachiona hunopinza mumwana hunopinda mumuviri nemhepo uye yakananga (kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana) nzira. Mhedziso yechirwere ndeyekutakura kwemasero e-pathogenic, sezviri pachena achitarisa zvachose ane utano, kana munhu ane zviratidzo zvakajeka zvekukundwa.
Utachiona hwekupinda muItrovirus - kubatanidzwa nguva muvana
Pakarepo mushure mekuwana majekesheni muhupenyu hwemwana, havatambudzi zviratidzo zvakajeka, kungowedzera uye kuunganidzirwa mumuchu membrane. Chiyero chezviitiko zvechirwere chemakiriniki chinopindirana neicho chinowedzera kutapurika kwe enterovirus - nguva yekudzikinura inobva pane zvinotevera:
- hutachiona (kukwanisa kwemasero epathogenic kurwisa kudzivirirwa kwemuviri);
- Tropism (maitiro ehutachiona kukunda dzimwe sarudzo);
- serotype.
Mamiriro ekudzivirira muviri anokanganisawo inowiridzo ye enterovirus muvana - zviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvinoonekwa zvakakurumidza mumwana asina simba. Vana vaduku vane simba rinochengetedza urongwa hunochengetedza chirwere nyore nyore, uye zviratidzo zvakananga zvinomuka gare gare. Pakati pevhesi, nguva yekudzivirira ndiyo mazuva 2-5, miganhu inogona kuchinja mukati me 1-10 kusvika mazuva.
Utachiona hwekupinda muvana - zviratidzo
Mhando dzakawanda dzezvirondedzero zvehutachiona (anenge 90%) zvinowanikwa pasina chirwere chechirwere chiri pachena uye zvinoperekedzwa chete nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri. Mune dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo zvekutapukirwa kwevanoprovirus muvana zvinowanzoparadzana kuva zvingangove zvakakomba uye zvisina ngozi. Kana iyo iyo inokonzera kukonzera mubvunzo yakagumbura kukura kwechiremera chakakomba chezvikamu zvinongororwa, chimiro chemakiriniki chichafanana nechimwe chezvirwere zvinokonzerwa:
- encephalitis;
- serous meningitis ;
- hepatitis;
- myo-, pericarditis;
- acute paralysis.
Muhupo hwezvirwere izvi zvakakosha kuti pakarepo iite zvakanyatsoongororwa uye uone kana chikonzero chavo chiri utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana - zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakakonzera chirwere. Mukuwedzera pakugumisa zvirwere zvekuvhiringidza uye kusunga zviratidzo zvechirwere chechirwere, chirwere chinonyanya kudikanwa chinotarisirwa kubvisa masero e-pathogenic nechinangwa cheDNA kana RNA.
Zviri nyore kuderedza mamiriro emwana kana utachiona husina ngozi hunobudirira - zviratidzo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro zvinoenderana nezvirwere zvinotevera:
- zuva remazuva matatu ("gumbo-ruoko-muromo");
- conjunctivitis ;
- herpangin;
- uveitis;
- vesicular pharyngitis;
- enterovirus exanthema;
- chirwere-fanana-syndrome;
- pleurodynia;
- gastroenteritis .
Nemhaka yekusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana mumutambo wehutachiona, chipatara chacho chinoratidzirwa ne polymorphism:
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- nausea;
- kubwinya kwepuroteni emaziso;
- malaise;
- photophobia;
- kurwadziwa mumusoro, misungo, huro, dumbu, meso;
- kurutsa;
- diarrhea;
- kusava nenzara;
- zvironda zviduku mumuromo;
- coryza;
- mapepa paganda uye mumakumbo;
- flatulence;
- kuchema;
- akawedzera lymph nodes.
Utachiona hwekupinda muvana - chikafu
Chimiro cheganda rinoratidzika kubva pane chimiro chechirwere chinouya. Kurwisana nehutachivirusi hunopinda pamwe chete nehepes, 3-day fever uye exanthema. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinoumbwa zvichipesana nechemberi kwezvimwe zvirwere zvakafanana nezviratidzo zvacho. Rashes nehutachiona hwe enterovirus inogona kuva yemhando dzakasiyana, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa:
- inoputika mumutsipa (kuputika uye kuchinja kuva maronda);
- blisters maduku pamaoko nemakumbo, mumuromo uye pedo naro, izvo zvichinyangarika pachavo;
- roseous and rubella-like rash (typical of exanthema).
Kuongororwa kwehutachiona hwe enterovirus
Kubudirira nekukurumidza kwekurapa kunoenderana nekukura kukuru kwechirwere ichi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti pamusana pepakutanga utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana hunoonekwa - zviratidzo uye kurapa munyaya ino zvichava nyore nyore. Kuti uone hutachiwana mubvunzo, nzira shanu dzemazuva ano dzinoshandiswa:
- Kuongorora kwehutano hwehutachiona hwe enterovirus. Mamwe mazita anonzi IgM uye IgA akavanzwa muropa.
- Immunohistochemical test. Iyo yekare, asi yekudzidzisa nzira yekuziva nayo. Iyo inowanikwa pakuonekwa kwezvirwisana kune enterovirus panguva yekusagadzikana kwemaitiro.
- Molecular-biological study. Kuzvidzivirira kwezvimedu zveRNA kana DNA utachiona.
- Culture analysis. Kuziva uye kusarudzwa kwepathogen muzvinyorwa (mucus, smear).
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ine shanduro yekudzoka. Inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kukurumidza kutsvakurudza.
Dzimwe nguva chiremba anokwanisa kupa mamwe maitiro ekuongorora:
- ropa biochemistry;
- urinalysis;
- Ultrasound yenhengo dzomukati (zvinangwa).
Utachiona hwekupinda muvana - kurapwa
Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokubata nehutsananguro hwezvirwere hahupo. Kuti uwedzere nzira yekurapa, zvinokosha kuziva kuti chirwere chinokonzerwa ne-enteroviral chiri kuitika sei - kurapwa kwezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoitwa chete muchipatara, uye maitiro asina ngozi ehosha ino anogona kutarisirwa pamba. Nzira dzakawanda dzekudzikisa hurumende yevana:
- mubhedha wezororo;
- zvinwiwa zvakawanda (vitaminized, warm);
- kurega kudya;
- kupumha kwepamusoro-grade;
- kugara achienda, kuchenesa;
- kuchengetedza mhepo inotonhorera uye inotonhorera muimba.
Utachiwana hwekupinda muvana - kurapwa: zvinodhaka
Kusarudzwa kwemishonga kunofanirwa kuitwa chete nechiremba wevana. Pane maitiro maviri ekubata nayo utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana:
- etiotropic;
- zviratidzo.
Muchiitiko chekutanga, kurapa kunobatsira kubvisa causative agent wechirwere. Kubudirira kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwekutengesa:
- interferons - Viferon, Laferobion ;
- intraogous immunoglobulins (kazhinji isingatauri, kushanda kusati kwaonekwa);
- capsidinhibitors - Pleconaril, Pikovir.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zviratidzo zvinokuvadza utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana dzinomira - zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvinogara zvichibatana. Kuti ugadzirise mamiriro emwana, zvinotevera zvinoshanda:
- antipyretics - Nurofen, Paracetamol;
- antiemetic - Motilium, Cerucal;
- antihistamines - Erius, Fenistil;
- enterosorbents - Smekta, Enterosgel;
- probiotics - Bififir, Lactovit.
Utachiwana hwekupinda muvana - kurapwa kwechisimba
Ganda zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi mune zvakananga kurapa hazvidi. Zvichapera pachavo pachavo, pakarepo kana enterovirus muvana yakabviswa zvachose - kurapwa ne etiotropic madhirairi uye kuregererwa kwezviratidzo kunobatsira kubvisa mashizha nokukurumidza. Kunyange zvipembenene kubva kubhuni vesicles zvinoporesa zvachose pasina kusiya zvikanda kana kupora.
Kudya kana kune utachiona hwekupinda muvana
Kudya kwakarurama kunoonekwa seimwe yemitemo inokosha yekurapa kwehutano. Kana chirwere chinonzi enterovirus chinowanikwa mumucheche, chikafu chacho chinoramba chichifanana - mukaka wamai kana musanganiswa wakashandurwa. Mhando yevana vakwegura kudarika 1 gore inofanira kushandiswa nyore nyore uye inoshandiswa. Kudya nehutachiona hwechiritovirus hakusipo:
- tsvina;
- fried food;
- pickles, marinades;
- mafuta ekudya;
- michero yakajeka nemiriwo;
- nyama yezvokudya nemabheti;
- confectionery;
- kubika;
- juices;
- dairy products.
Yakurudzirwa:
- nyama yakabikwa yakabikwa;
- semi-liquid porridge pamvura;
- boiled mhizha;
- maonda soro;
- compotes;
- uzvar;
- biscuit cookies;
- zvibereko zvinwiwa;
- herbal teas.
Utachiona hweInovirus - zvinetso
Ichi chirwere dzimwe nguva chinotungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba uye inotyisa. Ingovirus mumwana wezera remucheche inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru kwemuviri uye kuporesa basa. Muzviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, izvi zvinoputika nemigumisiro inouraya. Kazhinji zvinowanzobatana nehutachiona hweveurovirus muvana vakwegura - zviratidzo uye kurapwa izvo zvisati zvatemwa nenzira yakakodzera, zvine maitiro e:
- chirwere cheshuga mellitus;
- orchitis;
- moyo, moyo wekunetseka;
- chisingararamiki chirwere chepfupa remapfupa;
- edema yeuropi;
- kukanganisika kwepfungwa;
- kuora mwoyo;
- pneumonia.
Kuchengetedza utachiona hwe enterovirus muvana
Nzira dzakananga dzekudzivirira hutachiona hahupo, asi kubudirira kushanda kwezvirwere zviri kuitika. Kudzivirirwa kwehutachiona hwe enterovirus ndiko kusimbiswa kusingaperi kwehutachiona. Mune nguva yezvirwere, kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kwemhinduro dze leukocyte interferon uye immunoglobulin inokurudzirwa. Uyezve, vanachiremba vanogara vachiudza vabereki vavo nezvekutapukirwa kwevanoprovirus muvana - zviratidzo uye kurapwa kunozivikanwa kare zvinogona kudzivirira utachiona kana kutanga utano hwakanaka pakarepo.
Kuchengetedza kwepabonde:
- kutevera mitemo yehutsanana;
- kuoma;
- kudya kwakaringana;
- kufamba nguva dzose uye kurovedza muviri;
- kudzivirira vanhu vanogona kunge vane vanhu vanorwara.