Simmental dzinza dzemhou - zvinyorwa zvezvizvarwa, pluses uye minuses yezviri mukati

Imwe yekare kudarika nyika Simmental nekuberekwa kwemhou yakaberekerwa muSwitzerland mumupata weRwizi rwaSimma. Muchiitiko chekusarudzwa, pakati pezana remakore rechi19, zvipfuwo zvave zvichinyatsogadzirwa nyama nemukaka, izvo zvakaparadzirwa muEurope. MuRussia, iyo Simmentals yakaunzwa kumagumo ezana remakore rechi19.

Simmental dzinza dzemhou - chimiro

Zvose zvinokonzerwa nezvisikwa zvose zvinowanikwa kune makondinendi enyika, sezvo vachibvumira varimi kuti vave nenguva yakawanda mukaka uye nyama. Burenki hazviremekedzi pakudya uye mumhepo yehupenyu. Tsananguro yeSimmental breed of cattle ine maitiro akadaro:

1. Kunyatsogadziriswa - vanhu vanonzwa vanofara mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
2. Iyi mombe yakakodzera kudyara pamatope nematope.
3. Simmentals vane mitsipa yakasimba uye mapofu, asingagamuchiri kubrasi.
4. Mhou idzi dzisingabatsiri, dzinonzwisisika uye dzinopricious muzvokudya. Panguva yekushaikwa kwezvokudya, vanofarira kudya uswa, vachiramba vachibereka zvibereko uye utano.
5. Swiss Burenki vane unhu hune rugare, vanosiyaniswa nekunakisisa mavabereki. Gara mavari, sekutonga, kupfuurira pasina zvinetso. Mhando iyi inotanga-kukura, nguva yekutanga calving ndeyemwedzi 31.

Unhu hwemhando yeSimmental

Mhedziso mafupi emhando yeSimmental:

1. Mucherechedzo wemhou yacho yakasviba-yakasvibiswa, yakasviba, dzimwe nguva tsvuku. Mune mhuka dzakachena dzakatemwa mhuka dzvuku kana dzvuku-motley vanhu vanowanikwa.
2. Nyanga ine muviri wemisumbu, tete rine simba uye rinorema. Mhou dzakakura, kukura paunosvava ndeye 136-148 cm, muviri wakakura, 160-165 cm.
3. Simmentals yakasiyana-siyana yakasimba musoro wakasimba nehuma guru.
4. Nyanga - beige, yakagadziriswa kazhinji, mhino - zvinyoro pink.
5. Rudzi rwunozivikanwa nokuda kwesimba raro rakasimba uye rakadzika, makumbo akasimba. Bhokisi racho rakadzika (67-73 cm), rakakura (44-48 cm), rine bhanhire guru uye chifuva chakagadzirwa chehando.
6. Vanhu vakakura mumakore vanokwana 550-650 kg, varume - 900-1200 kg, vanopedza kukura kusvika makore 4-5.

Mhando dzeSimmental dzinza dzemhou

Izvo zvizvarwa zveSimmental zvemombe zvinoreva marudzi e nyama-uye-mukaka (akabatanidzwa) mutsara wekubudirira - unopa mukaka nenyama mune zvakawanda. Nekushandiswa kwezvifananidzi, mhando dzemhando dzezvipfuwo dzakasikwa - tsvuku Sadovskaya, Hungarian variegated, Bulgarian tsvuku, Slovak red-mottled, monkeybirds nemakungwa.

Simmental breed of cattle - pros and cons

Varimi vanosarudza Simmental dzinza dzemhou pakati pemamwe mhando dzezvipfuwo nekuda kwezvakabatsiri zvezvikwereti:

1. Kuberekwa kwechimiro cheSimmental kunobatsira, kunopa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasimudzirwa mbiri dzehupfumi - mukaka nenyama.
2. Kusanzwisisa mune fodya yemhuru nevanhu vakuru.
3. Nguva yakareba yemukaka kudya mhuka mhandara, iyo inoderedza mari yekuwana mhuru yekudya.
4. Zviri nyore kugadziriswa kune zvakagadziriswa zvakatipoteredza.
5. Yakanaka kwazvo kubereka, iyo yakave yakanakisisa yemararamiro emari kana ichiyambuka nemamwe mhou.
6. Serenity yemhuka, kushushikana kwavo uye hutano hwakanaka.
7. Utarisiro hurefu hwehupenyu, munhu wacho ane zviitiko zvakanakisisa zvekubudirira, kunyange pazera remakore 12-14.

Pamusoro pezvikanganiso dzimwe nguva zvinonzi:

1. Kusarudzwa kwakaipa kwemakumbo - kumashure "netsoka yejobvu", uye mberi - kubudiswa kunze.
2. Inoshaya kukura kwekona rokutanga remudha.
3. Musana wemutsipa.
4. Chechi yakagadzirwa zvishoma.
5. Pane imwe nguva, "mafuta mudder" anoonekwa.

Kubudirira kweSimmental breed

Mazi emhando iyi ane utano hwakanakisisa, hunoratidzwa nehuwandu hweprotini, hwakakwana pakugadzira cheeses. Burenki inogona kuzvirumbidza nekunakisisa kwemasikati. Ndezvipi zvizvarwa zveSimmental zvinopa mukaka: 3.5 - 5 matani pagore, zvine ration yakanaka - kusvika pamatanhatu 6, zvinyorwa zvika 12-14 tani. Fat content - inenge 4% (kusvika 6%). Kubudirira kweimwe mhuka kwemakore gumi nemashanu, panguva iyo inogona kuwanikwa inenge makumi mashanu nematanhatu emukaka nemakumbo akaoma emalasi.

Zvipfuwo zvakakura zvinowedzera uremu hwavo nekukurumidza uye zvakasiyana, nepamusoro pe 1300 kg yemombe mhuru. Mhou dzinorema pakati pe500 ne 1000 kg. Pakuurayiwa, rudzi rwakakodzwa runopa 56% yenyama kubva pauremu hwavo, uye nzombe kunyange - kusvika 65%. Nzombe inoratidzirwa nehupamhi hwehutano hwakanaka, hukuru hwekodoriki, ine mavara ane soft soft and fat content up to 12%.

Kuswa kweSimmental nzombe mhuru

Simmentals vave vachizviratidza kwenguva refu sechizvarwa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwekuwanda huwandu munguva yose yekukura. Mhuru dzakaumbwa, 35-45 kg, dziwedzere uremu hwayo nemwedzi mitanhatu kwete pasi kana 4. Vechidiki kukura zviri nyore - mhuka dzinokwanisa, hazvidi kuti dzigadzire nzvimbo inoshamisa yekufambira mberi uye kuwedzera kutarisa.

Kuti vawane nyama, varimi vanorayirwa kuti vafurwe Simmental nzombe mhuru. Pavanenge vari mudenga vanogona kuwedzera 1-1.1 kg pazuva pazuva. Pazera remwedzi gumi nembiri, nzara yemhuru dzemhuru inenge 400 kg, mhuru pagore inorema 100 kg pasi. Mavhiki masere ekutanga emhuru anodyiswa chete nemishonga yemakaka. Kubvira pamwedzi 3-6 mhuka inoda mishonga yakawanda, sezvo kuurawa kunobatsira zviyo, uswa hwakawanda (muzhizha rinotonhora uswa hwakasvibirira), miriwo. Mwedzi 15-20 yevakomana vaduku, yakakura nokuda kwekunwisa, uye mhuru dzakaraswa dzinotumirwa kunourawa.