Down's syndrome haisi chirwere, asi chimiro chinokonzerwa nehutachiona chinotungamirira kukuchinja kukuru mumuviri. Haasi kurapwa. Ndokusaka zvakanyanyisa kutaura "syndrome", uye kwete "chirwere".
Syndrome inosanganisira mararamiro ezvimwe zvinhu uye maitiro. Zita rake akagamuchira kuvonga chiremba weBritain, nguva yokutanga yaakatsanangura - John L. Down. Down syndrome inonyanya kuipa. Naye akaberekerwa munenge 1 mwana kunze kwe700. Zvino nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuona vakadzi vane pamuviri ichi chiyero chidiki zvishoma, 1: 1000. Nzira imwechete yekuziva kana mwana ane chromosomal isingadikanwi ndeyekuongorora kusvibiswa kubva mumutsara wembilical. Vanaamai vose vari munharaunda yengozi, zvinokurudzirwa kuzviita.
Mwana achangoberekwa ane Down syndrome
Vanachiremba vane ruzivo rwevana vanogona kugadzirisa zvakadai kubvira pamazuva okutanga ehupenyu. Ivo vanozivikanwa nehuwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu zvinoita.
Zviratidzo zveMwana Anodzika:
- flat face and wide flat nose;
- oblique incision meso. Pakati pekona rekiso pane panga;
- musoro mutsva, musoro wakadzika, kusateerera kwe nzeve;
- svinura muromo muduku. Iyo denga shoma, rurimi haruna kukodzera, runobuda mumuromo;
- hypotone - inoratidzika mushutu toni. Kuwedzera kwekubatana pamwe;
- 45% yevana vane Down syndrome vane rimwe rakatenderera riri pamuchindwe.
Sezvo mutemo, mwana ane Down syndrome ane maitiro asina mukati. Iyo inowanzogara pakati pavo:
- congenital heart defects. Zvinowanikwa mu40% yevana;
- matambudziko ane maziso. Congenital strabismus, cataract, glaucoma;
- kunzwa kutadza;
- chirwere mu digestive system;
- dzimwe nguva mwana anogona kuve nekugadzikana kwekufema muhope, izvi zvinokonzera kusakosha mu oropharynx;
- zvirwere zvemugumo we endocrine;
- kushungurudzika mumagadzirirwo emagetsi (hip dysplasia, kusabatwa kwembambo imwe, kushandiswa kwechifuva, kuderera kwepasi).
Zvisinei, yekupedzisira kuongororwa kunoitwa chete pashure pemigumisiro yekuongororwa kwemaikromosomes. Inoitwa neine geneticist.
Kune chikamu chikuru, vana vane Down syndrome vakarara shure mukukura kwavo kubva kune vezera ravo. Zvaiwanzoita kuti vana vakadaro vakangodzingiswa mupfungwa. Asi zvino izvi zviri kutaurwa zvishoma nezvishoma. > Zvechokwadi, kukura kwecheche pasi kunonoka, asi ivo vana vakangofanana nevamwe vose. Uye kubudirira kwavo kupinda muhupenyu kunoenderana nekuti vanhu vepedyo vachaita sei izvi nekunzwisisa.
Sei vana veT Downa vazvarwa?
Down syndrome inoratidzika semugumisiro wehutano hwemagetsi, umo mune imwe neimwe sechitumbi chemuviri mune chromosome yakawedzerwa. Muvana vane utano, kune 23 mapaundi ema-chromosomes mumasero (zvikamu 46). Chimwe chikamu chinoenda kumwana kubva kuna amai, mumwe wacho kubva papa. Mwana ane Down syndrome mumakamuri makumi maviri nemaviri emakromosomes ane chromosome yakawanda isina kuberekwa, naizvozvo ichi chinonzi chinonzi trisomy. Iyi chromosome inogona kuwanikwa kubva kumuviri uye mazai panguva yekudyara. Somugumisiro, pakaparadzanisa oocyte ne trisomy, rimwe nerimwe rinotevera rinosanganisira chromosome yakawedzerwa. Pose, 47 ma kromosomu anoonekwa mune imwe sero. Kuvapo kwayo kunobata kufambisa kwehupenyu hwose uye hutano hwemwana.
Muzhinji, vana ve Downa vanoberekwa kubva, kusvikira kuguma kusingazivikanwi. Nyanzvi dzinocherechedza zvinhu zvinoverengeka umo chirwere ichi chinoitika kakawanda.
Zvikonzero zvekuberekwa kwemwana weA Down:
- Zera revabereki. Vakuru vabereki, inowedzera mukana wekuva nemwana neArt syndrome. Zera raamai rinobva kuna 35, baba - kubva ku45.
- Mahedheni ane ruzivo maitiro evabereki. Somuenzaniso, mumasero evabereki, ma chromosomes 45, i.e. 21 inonamatira kune imwe uye haigone kuonekwa.
- Mhuri dzakafanana.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi nevechiSukraine masayendisiti zvakaratidza kuti basa rezuva rinogona kukanganisa maitiro echiremera chemajini. Zvinonzwisisika kuti nguva yekuberekwa kwevana vane Down syndrome inotangira basa guru rezuva. Zvichida, hazvisi ngozi kuti vana ava vanonzi solar. Zvisinei, kana chokwadi chacho chave chaitwa, hazvina basa kuti nei mwana ane Down's syndrome akaberekwa. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti ndiye munhu mumwe chete. Uye vanhu vepedyo vanofanira kumubatsira kuti ave munhu mukuru.
Kuvandudza Mwana ane Down Syndrome
Zvechokwadi, vabereki vane mwana ane Down's syndrome havangave vakaoma. Nenzira yakanaka, zvino vabereki vashoma vanosiya vana vakadaro. Uye, pane zvinopesana, vanobvuma izvi, uye vanoita zvose zvinokwanisika uye hazvigoneki kumutsa munhu anofara.
Mwana akadaro anonyanya kuda kutarisirwa kweutano. Zvakakosha kuziva kana kune chero humwe hutano husina kunaka, hunoita zvirwere. Vanachiremba vanokwanisa kupa mishonga inodhaka inogona kuderedza kusangana kwechirwere.
Vabereki vanowanzotarisira kuti vangani vana vanogara ku Downa. Paavhareji, kutarisira upenyu hwavo makore makumi mashanu.
Mwana ane Down syndrome anokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Anotanga kutora musoro (nemwedzi mitatu), gara (negore), famba (kusvika kumakore maviri). Asi mazwi aya anogona kuderedzwa kana iwe usingabvumi uye kubvunza rubatsiro kubva kune vanyori.
Zvechokwadi, munyika yedu iye zvino nekuda kwevana ava havana kusikwa mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka. Mukuwedzera, kusarura kwevanhu kunodzivisa vana vakadaro kushanyira minda uye zvikoro. Zvisinei, mumaguta akawanda kune nzvimbo yekuvandudza nzvimbo, zvikoro zvakasati zvasati kuchikoro zvakarongeka.
Vabereki vemwana vanofanira kuita zvose zvavanoita kuti vave nechokwadi chekukurukurirana kwakakwana nevana, vaudze zvidzidzo pamwe chete nemazororo, nezvimwewo.
Semitemo, kune vana vakadaro purogiramu yega yezvidzidzo inogadzirwa, inosanganisira:
- Special gymnastics. Izvo zvakakosha pakuumbwa kwemagetsi mano. Gymnastics inofanira kutanga pakuduku uye ichiitwa zuva rega rega.
Sezvo mwana akakura, dambudziko rekuita maitiro rinoshanduka. - Kushambadzira inzira inobatsira yekudzorera vana. Inokurudzira huwandu hwekuvandudza uye kukura kwemwana.
- Mitambo ine mwana: munwe, unoshanda. Mitambo yekuunganidza inokosha zvikuru.
- Kudzidza zvinyorwa uye nhoroondo.
- Kuverenga nokuyeuka pamarangariro emwoyo, kuimba nziyo, nezvimwewo.
Basa guru nderekuita kuti mwana agadzikane neArt's syndrome nokuda kwehupenyu hwakasununguka. Usazviparadzanisa kubva kuvanhu, usazvivanza mumasvingo mana. Rudo uye kutarisirwa zvichamubatsira kuti apinde mumatambudziko ose uye ararame hupenyu hwakakwana.