Kucherechedza mitambo yevana uye kubudirira kwavo kwechisikigo, nyanzvi yezvinozivikanwa uye nyanzvi Maria Montessori akagadzira chirongwa chakasiyana-siyana chokurera vana, zvichibva pamusoro wekukurudzira mwana kuzvidzivirira uye kuzviziva. Mwana mumwe nomumwe akasiyana uye kubva pakuberekwa kwake ari kuedza kuzvimiririra, uye basa revakuru nderomubatsira kuti aratidze zvaanokwanisa.Iyo ndiyo nheyo yekushanda nevana muzvikoro zveMontessori -zvikoro zvevateveri zve nzira yepamusoro-soro pedagogue. Mukuwedzera, masangano ezvidzidzo zvepurogiramu iyi anoshandisa zvinhu zvakasikwa zvakagadzirwa nemusiki pachake uye zvinangwa zvekuvandudza unyanzvi hwakanaka hwemotokari uye maziso evana vaduku.
Didactic material Montessori
Iyo faira yemitambo uye maropafadzo aMaria Montessori yakasiyana chaizvo. Mushure mezvose, mudzidzisi akazvipira vana vake kuti vadzidzise hupenyu hwake hwose, uye kuburikidza nekuedzwa uye kukanganisa akasarudza chete zvakanakisisa uye zvakanakisisa kudzidzira, mitambo nezvinhu. Akafungisisa zvinhu zvose kusvika kumashoko ekupedzisira. Kuda kwefenicha, kusungirirwa kwakakodzera kwemahara, kuchengetwa kwemitemo uye kurongeka, nguva yevana - kwete chinhu chiduku chiduku chakasara asina hanya.
Ndezvipi zvatinogona kutaura pamusoro pe "Goldess Montessori" - mitambo uye zvinhu zvisiri izvo zvekugadzira, izvo zvinoshandiswa nevatsigiri veyo nzira kusvikira nhasi. Pachikonzero chavo, matayipi emazuva ano arikusikwa, uye vanaamai-zvishandiso zvekugadzirira vari kuita zvinyorwa zvavo pachavo nemaoko avo pachawo. Semuenzaniso, mapikicha emazuva ano, masheta, kuwedzera marapati - izvi zvose ndiwo nhaka yaMaria Montessori. Zvinobatsira pakuvandudza unhu, zvibatsire kuziva nyika yakakupoteredza, uyewo kugadzirisa unyanzvi uye ruzivo rwakatowanikwa kare. Nokufunga nezvekuvandudzika kwemafambiro akanaka emotokari uye manzwiro, muumbi akaedza kukudziridza kutanga kwemweya kwevana, nokuti mumaonero ake, iyi ndiyo nheyo yevanhu vakazara, vakasununguka uye vanogutsikana.
Kuti tive nekunzwisiswa zvakajeka kwezvinhu zvekirasi yeMontessori, ngatitarirei mienzaniso mishomanana:
- Zvimwe zvikwama zvine kuzadza. Sekupedzisira, mbeu, mazai, nyemba, uye polystyrene zvinoshandiswa. Basa ravo nderokudziridza unyanzvi hwekuona uye hwekuona hwevana.
- Jars ane kuzadzwa kwakasiyana. Dzidza kunzwa manyanzvi emuduku.
- Chifuko nemachivande, zvirokwazvo sevana vakwegura. Chimwe chinhu chakanaka chiri muchikwata chebhokisi rine zvirongo zvakasiyana-siyana, pane imwe neimwe yakavanzwa kumwe kushamisika (somuenzaniso, chiduku chiduku), ichadzidzisa mwana kuti avhura uye apfigire chigadziko, uye anobatsira kukudziridza maoko.
- Mahwendefa epurasitiki "ane nzara" ane gomba mumuromo. Zvechokwadi, muduku wacho haazobatsiri kubatsira "shamwari", uye achafara kumupa nezviduku zvishoma kana peas. Basa rakadaro rinodzidzisa ziso, ruoko, kutarira uye kutsungirira.
- Mavara eminwe - chiziviso chinoshamisa, chinozivikanwa zvikuru nevana vakawanda. Zvakanaka, kuzvirongedza pachako hakusi kunzwisisika basa rinofadza uye rinobatsira vana vemarudzi ese.
- Mifananidzo yakagadzirwa ndeyemhando ye mini-puzzles.
- Zvimwe zveboka rimwe rakasiyana nemuvara, chimiro kana chiyero. Semuenzaniso, mwana asati aisa miti mitatu yeKrisimasi uye kupa mishonga yakakanganiswa: tsvuku, bhuruu uye ruvara. Basa recheche nderokukomba miti yose yeKisimusi nemakishi mune imwe ruvara.
- Mafaira-anowedzera. Yakagadzirwa nemhando yemuumbi wezvigadziriswa, kazhinji kazhinji matanda, vanodzidzisa mafungiro emagetsi-spatial, hutano hwakanaka hwemotokari uye kuratidzira. Kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanikwa nemifananidzo yemhuka, mifananidzo yevashandi, miriwo nemichero, nhamba dzemakemikari.
- Dhonghi rakatsvuka. Familiarize vana vane pfungwa dze "guru" uye "duku", "zvishoma", nezvimwe.
