Iko muAfrica rakadzidza kuuraya vanhu uye kunyanya mhuka pasina tsanangudzo!
Pamuganhu weKenya neUganda, mumoyo weGomo reElgon munharaunda inopera isango rinokonzera kutya kwete chete pakati pevanhu vasina kudzidza vakadzi, asiwo pakati pevakadzi vakadzidza. Kuora mwoyo kunotyisa mudombo hakuvimbisi vanhu nemhuka chero chii kunze kwemarwere anouraya uye kuparara kusinganzwisisiki.
Nhoroondo yakaipa yebako reKitum yakatanga sei?
Muna 1987, pedyo nedziva guru muVictoria, Victoria, wechidiki Dane anonzi Peter Cardinal akaunganidza mineral emakomo. Akapedza mazuva anoverengeka pedyo nehavha, kunyange zvazvo asina kumuona. Asvika pamba, akanzwa achirwara uye pakarepo akaisa muchipatara nechirwere chisingazivikanwi chetachiona. Amai vomukomana vakashandisa mari yose yakawanikwa pamashanduriro emwanakomana mumwe kubva kliniki imwe kuenda kune imwe, nokuti hapana vanachiremba vanogona kuwana mushonga unoshanda ...
Mutumbi waPeter waiva wakafukidzwa nematombo matsvuku, vatsvene vemaziso vakazadzwa neropa, uye chiropa chakaramba kushanda. Mazuva mashomanana gare gare matambudziko emagetsi nemavhuu akasvika panzvimbo iyo yezvinyama, izvo zvakatanga kubuda ropa. Pakupedzisira, ropa rakanyororeswa zvakanyanya zvokuti kuora kweperesi yakaitika, iyo yakauraya mucheche wechidiki.
Kushamiswa nekufa kwakakurumidza kwaPetro, vanachiremba vakatanga kudzidza ropa rake mu laboratori. Kunyange iyo US Army Biological Weapons Research Centre yakaratidza kufarira mune sampuli dzakawanikwa kubva kune vakafa. Nyanzvi dzakapa chirwere ichi zita rokuti "Marburg fever" - ine dhigirii yakakwirira kwazvo nekuda kwekupararira nokukurumidza nekushaiwa kurapwa.
Zvichida muenzaniso waPetro waizoonekwa semashoko ekunyengedzera, kana nyaya yacho isingaiti zvakare nemudzimai wechiFrench Charles Monet, nyanzvi yekushanda mune imwe fekitari yegazi muKenya. Murume wacho akaburukira mubako uye akazovawo chirwere chechirwere chiri kukurumidza kuchenesa ropa. Icho chirevo chakanga chakajeka: hupenyu hwevashandi vose vakayambuka kamwe chete-mubako reKitum.
Ko bako rakazarura zvakavanzika zvaro here?
Paiva neboka rimwe chete revatsvakurudzi vakanga vasingatyi kupinda mubako, iro rakazarura nhoroondo kune avo vakaurayiwa. Dare racho, rakatungamirirwa naPurofesa Eugene Johnson, rakagamuchira mirayiridzo yakajeka - kwete kuswedera kubako pasina michina chaiyo. Zvimwe zvipfeko zvinokonzerwa nemafungiro ekudzivirira uye maitiro ekudzvinyirira zvakanyanya zvaifanira kudzivirira zvishomanana kudarika kwekupinda mavairusi mumapacacesuits.
Kuti varege kufa kubva kune hutachiona hunouraya, masayendisiti akatora pamwe navo "zviratidzo zvinorarama" - guinea nguruve uye mbongoro. Kwemwedzi miviri vatsvakurudzi vakashanda mubako, vachitarisira kuti fevruri yeMarburg icharatidzira imwe yemhuka uye ichave yakakwanisa kudzidza nzira yekugadzirwa kwayo. Apo mhuka dzose dzakanga dzakagadzirirwa, zvakazoitika kuti hapana kana mumwe wavo akabatwa nehutachiona. Masayendisiti akangokwanisa kuwana kuti hutachiona hweAIDS hwakabvawo kune matsi matema eKenyan, umo mazana evanhu vasina kudzidza zvinyorwa zvesimba vanogara.
Uye fivhiri isingazivikanwi yakaita sokuti yakanyura mumoto: hapana mumwe munhu akabatwa nayo kunyange mubako, mutakuri haana kuwanikwa. Makore mashomanana gare gare, mutungamiriri mumwe chete weboka rekutsvakurudza, Johnson, akanzwa kubva kune mutengesi wemhuka kuti mbongoro dzake dzakanga dzichifa nekubuda ropa. Chirwere ichi chakaonekwa kunze kwese kunze kwechemberi kweWashington! Johnson akakwanisa kuiparadza nekubatsira kwemauto uye zvigadziro zvakafanana zvekudzivirira. Mushure mokunge masonke mazana mana akaurayiwa, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuongorora mitsva uye kudzidza kuti hutachiona hunotora munhu nemhepo.
Sei mhuka dzikarasika mubako?
Kana vanhu vari mubako vaine zvirwere zvinouraya, zvino mhuka dzinopera nokusingaperi. Nyeredzi dzose neyekuvhurwa nherera, mabhomba, antelopes nemamwe mhuka dzinouya kubako reKitum - dzinokweverwa newaini yemunyu pamadziro echando, yakafuma mumaminerari uye mishonga. Bako rine chikwata chimwechete "chinovadzisa" mukati, asi rinotora nokusingaperi.
Vanhu vakashanyira Kitum, havana kukwanisa kuwana mitsara yemasara avo. Izvo chete zvesayenzi inofungidzira, zvakashamiswa pachena kune nzeve, inobva pauripo huripo hwehumwe hutachiona hunochinja hupenyu huri muhutu, apo kuoma kunoumba makriststal emunyu. Mhuka yacho inoshandiswa kuva humwe hunoita hunyanyisa, hunovhiringidza kunyange nemhepo shoma shoma. Asi kuvepo kwebhakiteriya yakadaro chaizvoizvo here?
Chimwe chirevo chechokwadi chemafologist, chivimbo mukuvapo mubako reKitum yeimwe simba remhepo inoshandisa iyo inopisa muviri nemubatsiro wemagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emhepo yakasiyana-siyana, inotarisa zvakawanda chaizvo.