Beta-blockers - urongwa hwezvinodhaka

Beta-blockers inonzi madhiragi anogona kunonoka kubvisa beta-adrenergic receptors. Iyi mari inowanzopiwa kana:

• therapy of cardiac arrhythmia;
• kudikanwa kwekudzivirira kudzokorora myocardial infarction ;
• kurapwa kwehutachiona.

Chii chinonzi beta-adrenergic receptors?

Beta-adrenergic receptors inogamuchira zvinogadzirisa mahomoni adrenaline uye noradrenaline uye yakakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu:

1. β1 - inonyanya kuwanikwa mukati memwoyo, uye nekukurudzirwa kwavo kune kuwedzerwa musimba uye kazhinji kwezvipikiso zvemoyo, kuwedzerwa kweropa kunobuda; uyewo β1-adrenergic receptors iripo muitsvo uye inoshumira seyakagadziriswa yezvinyorwa zvepa-lobe;
2. β2 - receptors, iyo inowanika mubronchioles uye inosimudzira kuwedzera nekugumisa bronchospasm; uyewo izvi zvinogamuchirwa zviri pamasero akavharidzirwa, uye kukurudzira kwavo nemahomoni kunokurudzira kuchena kweglycogen (kuchengetedza polysaccharide) nekubudiswa kweglucose muropa;
3. β3 - inowanikwa munzvimbo yeadipose, pasi pesimba rehomoni inobatsira kugadzirwa kwemafuta, kukonzera simba kusunungurwa uye kuwedzera kupisa kwemafuta.

Kurongedza uye urongwa hwezvinodhaka beta-blockers

Zvichienderana nezvipi zvekutora zvinokonzerwa ne beta-blockers, zvichiita kuti zvivhare, madhiragi aya akaparadzaniswa kuva mapoka makuru maviri.

Sarudza (cardioselective) beta-blockers

Chiito chemishonga iyi chinosarudzwa uye chinotungamirirwa kuvharwa kwe β1-adrenergic receptors (haigadziri β2-receptors), pamwe zvikuru nemigumisiro yomuviri yakaonekwa:

• kuderera mumusimba wezvipikiso zvemoyo;
• kuderedza kwemaitiro emwoyo;
• kudzvinyirirwa kwekutengesa kuburikidza neodhiyo-ventricular node;
• zvakaderera kugadzikana kwemoyo.

Iri boka rine mishonga yakadaro:

• Atenolol (Athenoben, Prinorm, Hypoten, Tenolol, nezvimwe);
• Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, Bisogamma, etc.);
• betaxolol (Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, nezvimwe);
• metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, etc.);
• Nebivolol (Binelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
• talinolol (Cordanum);
• esmolol (Breviblock).

Non-selective beta-blockers

Iyi mishonga inokwanisa kudzivirira zvose β1 uye β2-adrenoreceptors, dzine antihypertensive, anti-angry, antiarrhythmic uye membrane-stabilizing action. Iyi mishonga inokonzera kuwedzera kwekutinhira kwebronchi, inzwi re arterioles, inzwi rechibereko, uye kukura kwemhirizhonga yevascular resistance.

Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinodhaka zvinotevera:

• propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Inderal, etc.);
• bopindolol (Sandinorm);
• Levobunolol (Wistagen);
• nadolol (Korgard);
• Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
• ovonol (Vistagan);
• pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
• sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
• timolol (Okumed, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, etc.).

Beta-blockers dzekupedzisira chizvarwa

Kugadzirira kwechipiri, chechitatu, chizvarwa chinoratidzwa nezvimwe zvevasodilating dzimba nekuda kwekuvharwa kwe alpha-adrenergic receptors. Nhamba yezvinoti beta-blockers inosanganisira:

• carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, nezvimwe);
• celiprolol (Tselipres);
• bucindolol.

Kujekesa urongwa hwezvinodhaka beta-blockers ne tachycardia, zvakakosha kuziva kuti munyaya iyi, mishonga inoshanda zvikuru inobatsira kuderedza kuwanda kwemwoyo, ndeye mari inoshandiswa ne bisoprolol uye propranolol.

Kupindirana kwekushandiswa kwe beta-blockers

Zvinonyanya kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka izvi ndezvi:

• bronchial asthma;
• kuderera kwemuviri weropa;
• chirwere chekushaya simba kwechivi chechi sinus;
• pathology of peripheral arteries;
• bradycardia;
• cardiogenic shock ;
• atrioventricular block yechipiri chechipiri kana chechitatu.