Vanaamai vakawanda vaduku vari kunetseka apo tananeelle inowedzera mumwana, nekuda kweizvi, zvimwe zvikanganiso zvakatangira midzi, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuisa pfungwa pazvinhu izvi zvinoita zvevana. Ndezvipi kukanganisa kubva pamazuva kungaratidza, tichakurukura zvakare.
Rodnichok muzvitsva - chii ichocho?
Musoro wemusoro mumana maduku hauna kufanana nevakuru. Muchiitiko chekuberekwa kwe fetus ye fetus, izvo zvinonzi mapainanels zvinoumbwa pamusoro-neocoastened nzvimbo dzinobatanidza mapfupa ehenya, iyo yakazotevera yakareba nekuumbwa kwekutsvaga, zvishoma nezvishoma ossified sutures. Chitubu chevana ndechekudzivirira kwepamusoro kwezvinyama zvinoshandiswa zvinodzivirira meninges zvakanaka kubva mukukuvadzwa (saka musatya kutora simbi, muzinga, kushambidza musoro wemakumbo).
Ndezvipi zvinyorwa zvingani mwana ane?
Nhamba yose yefosanelles mumwana inotanhatu:
- iri mberi (guru) fontanel mumwana - iri pa temechka, pakatarisana kwepamberi uye parietal mafupa;
- Dzoka -iri pakati pe occipital uye maviri parietal mafupa;
- iyo miviri yezvipfeko zvepamusoro (zvakagadzirwa nemakumbo) - pakati peparietal, temporal, frontal uye nemapfupa akafanana nemakumbo;
- iyo yechipiri yechipiri (mastoid) - pakati peparietal, temporal and occipital bones.
Chii chinonzi fontanel yevana?
Tichifunga kuti sei chikonzero chetsaneri, iyo yakakodzera kukoshesa basa rekugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvi mukushanda kwebasa. Rodnichki inoita kuti zvive nyore kuti mapfupa akaoma awanike ari kumusoro kweumwe, nokudaro kuderedza ukuru hwemusoro uye kugadzirisa kusvika kuhukuru hwemapuranga maduku eamai (saka, pakarepo mushure mekuonekwa kwemusoro, musoro unowoneka uripo, asi munguva pfupi yakarongeka inogadziriswa). Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti mapfupa edehenya asunungure pachena kuburikidza nekuberekwa kwechirwere panguva yekuberekwa, uye mutoro uye kumanikidzwa pamapfupa emapfupa uye uropi hwakanga husingakoshi.
Pasina mavara, maitiro ekukuvara kumusoro wemwana uye kuberekwa kweamai kunogona kuva yakakwirira kwazvo. Mune ramangwana vanotora mamwe mabasa anokosha:
- kunyanya kushandiswa (kubviswa kwekuwedzera kupisa kubva muuropi nekuwedzera kutonhora);
- kushungurudza-kuita basa - kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba mukukuvara, kunowira;
- Kupa nzvimbo yakakwana yekukura kwehuropi huri mumwero wekuzvarwa.
Ndeipi inofanira kuva yerinanel yemwana?
Kukura kwetipainanels kuvana vanosiyana. Izvozvo zvakanyanyisa zvakanyanyisa, seamasisita asina kupfuura 5 mm yakafara. Kakawanda, vana vanozvarwa munguva inenge vakanonoka nenguva yekuzvarwa kana mushure mekunge (kwemwedzi miviri) uye vasingaoneki kuvabereki. Iyo fontanelle yapamusana ine maitiro matatu uye chiyero chesingave chinopfuura 7-10 mm. Vana vazhinji venguva yakazara vakaberekwa nevharaelle yakavharwa, asi musarudzo inowanzovawo yakavhurwa pakuberekwa.
Ipetiyeri yakawanda yemucheche ine mufananidzo we rhombus inenge inenge 2 kusvika 2 kana 3 ne3 cm. Kazhinji, mushure mekuberekwa, yakazaruka, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoguma. Kuti udzidzise chiyero chekuwedzeresa kwayo, chiyero chinowanikwa pakurongororwa kwechiremba mumwe nomumwe uye zvabuda zvakanyorwa pakadhi. Asi zvinokwanisika kuita izvi pamba, iyo isina ruzivo rwakakosha kana zvishandiso zvinodiwa - ingoisa miviri yako kwete mberi mberi kumakona emadhamondi, asi mu-oblique - pamativi ayo (yakafara imwe yeminwe inenge 1 cm).
Kusvika kwezera ripi rinowira mwana?
Kana zvichitaura pamusoro pekuti kana tananelle inokura mumwana, chimiro chinowanzosangana neanterior fontanel. Mabheti ayo ari mumuganhu wepetianel kumativi ari nyore, saka nekudzvinyirira kuduku, munhu anogona kunzwa kuti haasi kufamba. Nokufamba kwemazuva, mamwe mafupa akareba anotanga kukura akavapoteredza, kuitira kuti mapfupa akaderera ave nesimba. Zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo inogadzirisa mutsara inoshandiswa inoshandiswa nemapfupa emapfupa, uye fontanelle inowedzera.
Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo kushandiswa kwekushambadzira kuchienderera mberi, asi mazwi avo anogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya kune vana vakasiyana-kubva pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumakore maviri. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, hofini huru inopfigira mumwana wemakore gumi nematanhatu, uye izvi zviyero zvinotorwa sevheji yepamusoro yemadhora. Vamwe vanokanganisa kutenda kuti kana tananelle inopfigira mumwana, kukura kwehenya rinoguma. Ichokwadi, iyo inobatanidza mishonga inenge isiri iyo chete yekukura kwehenya, uye chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kune ichi ndicho chikwata, chinoramba chiripo kusvika kusvika makore makumi maviri.
Kana iyo fontanelle yakawanda kudarika
Vamwe vana vanoberekwa vane anterior fontanelle, vanosvika 3.5 cm kana kupfuura. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana mwana asati aberekwa kana kuti ane chizvarwa chekugara nhaka (mumwe wevabereki akaberekerwa ane fontanel huru). Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinogona kunge zvichiguma nematambudziko panguva yekuzvitakura, inobatana nekushayikwa mumuviri wamai mavithamini nemaminera. Kuvharwa kwetipainanel kuvana vanopfuura mazamu akaenzana kunogona kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma. Iwe unoda kuona chiremba kana hukuru husina kuchinja pazera remwedzi 8.
Pathologically imwe huruti yepinanel inogona kusanganiswa nekuputsa kwakadaro:
- kusununguka nguva isati yasvika;
- hydrocephalus ;
- kupesana kwekuvandudzwa kwehurongwa husina kunaka uye nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Chitubu chiri pasi pemazuva ose
Imwe nyanzvi yemucheche mumwana paanenge aberekwa kazhinji inomunhu mumwechete werhenya rinobatanidza nean genetic factors. Izvo zvinofanira kutorwa mupfungwa kuti nekuda kwekukura nokukurumidza kweuropi uye nharukidzi mishonga mumwedzi mishanu yekutanga yehupenyu, inogona kuwedzera zvishoma. Zvinokosha kutarisa kwete chete kana tananelle inokura mumwana, uye chii chakaenzana nayo, asiwo mutsara, kuenzana kwemusoro, mamiriro ezvinhu echecheche.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera petineleri duku yakabatana nezvirwere:
- craniosynostosis;
- endocrine zvinetso;
- zvirwere zveropa;
- zvinosvibisa uye zvimwe zvinetso.
Sei chimiro chisina kuwedzera mumwana?
Kana huwandu hwemavhareji yenguva huri kusvika apo fanikiti inofanira kunge yakanyanyisa mucheche, uye mukana wekuvhara kwayo uri muduku zvikuru, inogona kuratidza kuvapo kwezvirwere:
- zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona;
- rickets ;
- achondrodysplasia;
- Down's syndrome uye vamwewo.
Inofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kana tananelle inowedzera mumwana wenguva, inenge isingamboiti chiratidzo chechirwere chete. Zvakakosha kubhadhara kune zviratidzo zvakadai sokunyanyisa kunetseka, kutuka, kusava nenzara, indigestion, nekuputsika kwehutano hwepfungwa. Kuziva chikonzero chacho kunogona kungoita chiremba, aita zvidzidzo zvekare uye achiongorora zvakajeka mamiriro ezvinhu emucheche, achifunga nezvebumbiro remitemo yekuvandudzwa kwevabereki munguva ino.
Usapfurikidza nepepananel - chii chaunofanira kuita?
Vabereki vakawanda vanotanga kunetseka kana mwana ane gore rimwe chete, fontanel haipfuuri. Kana pane zvinetso pamusoro pemamiriro emwana, zvakakosha kuti iye anoongororwa nevanachiremba, anopotoginologist, nyanzvi yezveuropi, geneticist. Kuongororwa kunodiwa kuti uone kuti yakawanda sei calcium iri mumuviri wemwana. Kuwedzerwa kurapwa kunorayirirwa maererano nehutano hwakagadziriswa. Vabereki havafaniri kuronga mishonga yavo uye kushandisa nzira dzakakurumbira.