Chirwere chinotyisa, chisingatapuriki - chikamu chekudzivirira muviri. Haisi chikonzero chekuberekwa kwemazwi uye kunoratidzwa nehuwandu husina simba hwemuviri uye zvirwere zvemuviri. Secondary immunodeficiency immunology inotsanangura seyi yakawana pathological disturbance mubasa rekudzivirira masimba emuviri wedu.
Chii chinonzi secunodeficiency yechipiri chinorevei?
Kana tikanyatsoongorora nezvechipiri chekudzivirira muviri, chii chiri muvanhu vakuru, tinogona kupa tsanangudzo yakagadzirwa nechikamu chemishonga inoshandiswa, iyo inoongorora kudzivirirwa kwemuviri uye kurwisana nayo kunze kwezvinhu - immunology. Saka, yechipiri (inowanikwa) immunodeficiency is work in the immune system, which has nothing to do with genetics. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anowirirana nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopisa uye zvinopararira, izvo zvisingabatsiri zvikuru kurapwa.
Secondary immunodeficiency - classification
Kune marudzi mazhinji emarudzi ezvinyorwa zvemasangano akadaro:
- pahanho yekufambiswa;
- prevalence;
- pamwero wekuputsika;
- nokuoma kwehurumende.
Kuenzanisa kwechipiri CID nemitengo yekufambira mberi:
- acute (inokonzerwa nezvirwere zvinotapukira, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kukuvara);
- chisingagumi (chinowanikwa pamusana pekukundikana kwega autommune, utachiona hwehutachiona, matumbo, nezvimwewo).
Mukutaura kwekuparara:
- secondary immunodeficiency of the phagocyte;
- chiremera chekomplement system;
- yechipiri T-cell immunodeficiency;
- kukanganisa humoral chitunha;
- kusanganiswa.
Zvichinyatsosiyanisa:
- IDS inokanganisa - yakafanana neyokutanga kwekudzivirira muviri, nokuti hapana chikonzero chaicho chekuitika;
- a syndrome of secondary induced immunodeficiency - chikonzero chacho chiri pachena.
Mafomu echipiri immunodeficiency
Mukuwedzera kune zvinyorwa zvinongororwa, ruzivo rwechipiri rwunowana miviri yomuviri wepachivande uye inokonzerwa nehuwandu hunogawo. Zvinowanzokwanisika kuwana AIDS sechimwe chimiro chechiitiko ichi, asi mazuva ano immunology inowanzotaura nezvechirwere ichi sechigumisiro cheakawana IDS, iyo inokonzera hutachiona hweHIV (human immunodeficiency virus). AIDS pamwe chete nemafomu ezvinyorwa uye akabatanidzwa akabatana mune imwe pfungwa yechipiri inowanikwa maununodeficiency.
Nzira yepamusoro yekudzivirira muviri
Kushaikwa kwechokwadi, zvakajeka etiology inoratidzira kuponeswa kwekudzivirira muviri. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakafanana nemhando yepamusoro, uye kazhinji inokonzerwa nekuita kwechimiro chepatigenic microbiota. Muvanhu vakuru, zvakaoma-kubata-kurapwa kusingaperi zvinorondedzerwa semakiriniki zviratidzo zveSIDS yechipiri. Zvipembenene zvinowanzoitika zvinowanikwa munhengo dzakadaro uye zvirongwa:
- meso;
- ganda integument;
- kuporesa system:
- nhengo dzenzira yekudya;
- genito-urinary system.
Yakakosha yechipiri immunodeficiency
Inotorwa immunodeficiency inoporesa uye kanowanzobatsirwa nehutano hwakakosha iyo inogona kugadzirisa zvachose kushanda kwezvidziviriro zvemuviri. Zvikonzero zvinowanzovhiringidzika nei chikamu chechipiri chinokonzerwa nekudzivirira muviri kunowanikwa ndeichi:
- kupindira kwekuvhiya;
- kukuvara kwakakomba;
- chirwere chinorwara nechirwere cheshuga, chirwere chepachiropa uye chinetso;
- kazhinji x-rays.
Zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwemashure ekudzivirira muviri
Pane zvikonzero zvizhinji zvinokonzera chirwere chechipiri chekudzivirira muviri uye vazhinji vavo vanoverengeka muverengi haatombofungi, nokuti vazhinji vechiratidzo cheDHS chinosanganiswa nechimwe chinhu chepasi rose uye chisingaregereki, asi chaizvoizvo, nyika dzakadaro dzinodzokororwa kana dzisina chokuita nehutachiona hwehutachiwana kodzero. Asi kunyange tikataura pamusoro peHIV, saka nehutachiona, vakawanda vanorarama nekukwegura kwazvo.
Saka, zvikonzero zvekuonekwa kwezvinhu zvakadaro zvinogona kuva:
- chirwere chebhakitiriya (tuberculosis, pneumococci, staphylococci, meningococci nezvimwewo);
- helminths uye protozoal invasions (ascarids, toxoplasmosis, trichinosis, malaria);
- dzidzo yezvecology.
- autoimmune zvinetso.
- hutachiona hwehutachiona (chibhokisi, hepatitis, masero, rubella, herpes, cytomegaly nezvimwewo);
- kudhakwa ( thyrotoxicosis , chepfu);
- kushungurudzika kwakanyanya kwepfungwa uye kwepanyama, kuwedzera kwekuita muviri;
- kubuda ropa, nephritis , kupisa;
- makemikari (madawa, steroid, chemotherapy);
- zvisikwa zviitiko (senile kana makore emwana, nguva yekurera mwana);
- kushayikwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zviduku uye macro, vitamini nekuda kwekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri.
Secondary immunodeficiency - zviratidzo
Chiratidzo chekutsvakurudza zvakananga kwemuviri wezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chematokari, iyo inowanzoratidza uchapupu hwezvinetso. Zviratidzo zvechipiri chekudzivirira immunodeficiency:
- purulent meningitis uye sepsis ;
- zvirwere zvepabhakitiriya zvinoramba zvichiitika;
- Constant ARVI uye stomatitis;
- herpes;
- fungi uye zvirwere zvinouraya;
- chronic bronchitis;
- Zvinetso zvinowanzoitika nhengo dze ENT;
- chirwere chebronchiectatic;
- pneumonia.
Secondary immunodeficiency - kurapa
Mubvunzo wekurapa chipiri chekudzivirira immunodeficiency kunoda kunyatsofungisisa, nokuti kwete utano chete, asiwo, kazhinji, hupenyu hunoenderana nehutano. Nezvirwere zvinowanzosangana nehutachiona hwehutachiona husina simba, zvinokosha kuti nokukurumidzira kubvunzurudza nyanzvi uye kuongorora. Kana kuchida kwekudzivirira muviri kwakatoonekwa, saka hazvifaniri kukonzerwa nekutanga kwerapa.
Kurapa kweSD yechipiri inorayirirwa zvichienderana nehupi hungano kuputsika kunowanikwa. Panguva yekurapa, matanho ekutanga anotorwa kuti abvise zvinokonzera chirwere chacho. Semitemo, iyi ndiyo nzira yakakodzera yekuvaraidza mushure mekushanda, kukuvara, kupisa, nezvimwewo, izvo zvave zvichiitwa.Kana mhuka inotapukirwa, kuvapo kwebhakitiriya, mavairasi uye fungi zvichabviswa pamwe nekubatsirwa kwemishonga yekugadzirira.
- Kana utachiona hunokonzerwa nebhakitiriya repathogenic, ma antibiotics anorayirwa (Abaktal, Amoxiclav, Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Oxacillin).
- Kana pathogenic fungi yakawanikwa, antifungal agents anorayirwa (Ecodax, Candid, Diflucan, Fungoterbine).
- Anthelminthic mishonga inorayirwa pamberi pehonye (Helminthox, Centel, Nemosol, Pirantel).
- Antiviral uye antiretroviral zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiwana (Amiksin, Arbidol, Abakavir, Phosphazid).
- Majojo eAnunoglobulin anoshandiswa mukati mezvinyorwa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo muviri wekugadzirwa kwemuviri wayo unoderedzwa (Unowanzo munhu immunoglobulin, Hyperimmunoglobulin).
- Immunocorrectors anopa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaitiro akaoma uye asingagumi (Cordizex, Roncoleukin, Yuvet, nezvimwewo).