Creativity test. Zvose zvizere zvehutano hwaE. E. Torrens ndevokutambisa 12, akabatanidzwa kuva mabhatiri matatu. Yokutanga inofanirwa kuti kuongororwa kwekutaura kwemashoko, yechipiri ndechokuti isiri kutaura kwemafungiro ekusika (kuona mafungiro okufunga) uye chetatu nokuda kwekutaura nemashoko ekusika kugadzira. Icho chikamu chisingatauri chikamu chemuedzo uyu, unozivikanwa se "Figural maitiro ekufunga kwekusika kweTorrens" (mafomu emufananidzo), yakashandurwa muInited General uye Pedagogical Psychology yeAAPN muna 1990 pamusoro pemuenzaniso wevana vechikoro.
Nzira yakarongwa yeTorrens test ndiyo yakagadzirwa nemifananidzo nemamwe maitiro (mitsara), vachishandisa izvo zvidzidzo zvinoda kutora mufananidzo kune chifananidzo chinoreva. Mune shanduro yemuedzo, mifananidzo 6 inoshandiswa, yakasarudzwa kubva kune 10 yepakutanga. Maererano neA.N. Voronin, mifananidzo iyi haiti kudzokorora zvinyorwa zvepakutanga uye kupa mhinduro dzakavimbika.
Maitiro ekuongorora maitiro akasiyana-siyana emhando yacho anobvumira kuenzanisa zviratidzo zviviri zvekusika se:
- originality;
- zvakasiyana.
Zviratidzo zve "kuratidzira" kwekushanda, "kushanduka", "kusanzwisisika" kwechifananidzo, inowanikwa muzere wehurukuro ye "Kuzadzikisa mifananidzo" Torrance, mukushandurwa uku haishandisi.
Mukati yekugadzirisa nzira iyi, mitemo uye maatra ezvinyorwa zvemienzaniso yekuenzanisira kwevatungamiri vaduku zvakagadzirwa, zvichibvumira kuenzanisa dambudziko rekusimbiswa kwezvakagadzirirwa munharaunda yevanhu.
Chiyero chinogona kuitika mumunhu mumwe nomumwe uye neboka.
Zviratidzo zvemuitiro wokuedza
Paunenge uchiita chiyero, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekugadzirwa kwehutano hunozviratidza huzere chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka. Kusagamuchirwa nemamiriro ezvinhu, mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekuitisa, kusinganzwisisiki kwakagadzirisa mamiriro ekuongorora zvinowedzera zvakaderera. Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa pakuedza chero hupi hwehutano hwekusika, naizvozvo vasati vese vanoongorora zvisikwa, vanoedza nguva dzose kugadzira nzvimbo yakanaka, kuderedza chikonzero chekusvika uye kutsvaga vatsva kusvika pakuratidzwa kwemaitiro avo akavanzwa. Zviri nani kudzivisa kukurukurirana kusinganzwisisiki pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemaitiro, kureva, haufaniri kutaurira kuti zvigadzirwa zvekusika zvakaongororwa (kunyanya kufunga kwekufunga). Chiyero chinogona kuiswa senzira ye "kutanga", mukana wekutaura mubhizimisi risina kujairika, nezvimwewo. Nguva yekuedza haisi yepamusoro sezvinobvira, zvichida kugovera mufananidzo wega wega wemaminitsi 1-2. Panguva imwecheteyo zvakakosha kukurudzira vakaedzwa, kana vachifunga nezvazvo kwenguva yakareba kana nguva refu.
Mirayiridzo
"Pamberi pako pane chisina chinhu chine mifananidzo isina kuiswa 6. Iwe unoda kuvedzisa. Iwe unogona kupedza chero chii nechipi. Mushure mokunge mufananidzo wacho wapera, unofanirwa kuipa zita uye uriinyore mumutsara uri pasi apa. "
Stimulus material
Tsanangudzo
Muchiedzwa chekutanga cheTrrance, zviratidzo zvakawanda zvekusika zvinoshandiswa. Chinonyanya kukosha chazvo ndechekutanga, kufanana kwechifananidzo chakasikwa nechinangwa kune mifananidzo yemamwe nyaya. Mune mamwe mazwi, mavambo anonzwisiswa seenhamba dzisina kuwanikwa dzemhinduro. Inofanira kurangarirwa, zvisinei, kuti hapana mifananidzo miviri yakafanana, uye, maererano nezvo, munhu anofanira kutaura nezvekuverenga kusina kuwanikwa kwechimiro (kana kirasi) yezvifananidzo. Muchidimbu chekududzirwa, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ematare uye mazita avo anowanikwa, anotsanangurwa nemunyori wekugadzirisa, anoratidzwa, anoratidza humwe hunokosha hwechifananidzo. Zvakakosha kuti mazita evhesi yemifananidzo, sekutonga, haafananidzi nemazita emifananidzo yakapiwa nehurukuro ivo pachavo. Mune izvi, muna A.N. Voronina, kusiyana kwemashoko uye kwete mazwi ekugadzirwa kwakaratidzwa zvakajeka. Sezvo kuedzwa kunoshandiswa kuongororwa kusinganzwi kwemashoko, mazita emifananidzo yakapiwa nehurukuro ivo pachavo kubva pakutsvakurudza kunotevera haibvumirwi uye inoshandiswa chete sekubatsira kunzwisisa chinangwa chemufananidzo.
Chiratidzo "kutanga" kwechimiro chinofungidzirwa kubva munharaunda yayo ye data uye inoratidzwa nehuwandu hunotevera:
apo O-mavambo emhando iyi yekudhira; x - nhamba yemifananidzo yemhando yakasiyana; Xmax ndiyo nhamba yakakura yemapurogiramu mumhando pakati pemhando yose yemifananidzo yekuenzanisa samuenzaniso wezvidzidzo.
Nhamba yepakutanga neTurrance yakaverengwa seyveruzhinji kubva mumifananidzo yose. Kana kukanganisa kwechiratidzo chacho chaiva 1.00, ipapo mufananidzo uyu waionekwa sewakasiyana. Mukuwedzera, iyo yeruzhinji yakasiyana yakaverengwa, yakatsanangurwa senhamba yezvifananidzo zvehurukuro yakapiwa.
Pamwe chete ne "chivako" chiratidzo muTurrance muedzo wakazara, "kuratidza" kwekushanda kunoshandiswa, kunotsanangurwa senhamba yemifananidzo kunze kwekudzokorora (pasina kuchinja kukuru) uye kusina maturo. Nokusaremekedza tinoreva mifananidzo iyo isingasanganisi mitsetse yezvinhu zvinokurudzira kana kuti haisi chikamu chemufananidzo. Paakashandura nzira, chiratidzo ichi chakanga chisinganyatsozivi. Mukuvapo kwemifananidzo isinganzwisisiki, sekutonga, pakanga pane shanduko yekushandura kubva kumifananidzo isiri yepakutanga kune yekutanga uye yakasiyana-siyana, kureva kuti, pakanga paine kuenderera mberi kwekufamba munguva yekushandura kwekugadzirisa matanho. Kakawanda (1-2 matambudziko) pakanga pasina kusanzwisisa kwemirairo. Muzvikamu zviviri izvi, maitiro akaenzana ekuverenga chiyero chekuedza haabatsiri uye kuongororazve kunodiwa kuti uone hutano hwekusika.
Chiratidzo chakadai se "kushanduka" chinoshanda zvakanaka mu "Parallel Lines" subtest, apo iwe unoda kutora gumi nemaviri emigwagwa yakafanana nemufananidzo unobatsira. "Kukwanisika" munyaya ino kunoreva kuwanikwa kwemarudzi akasiyana emifananidzo yemiganhu imwe neimwe uye nyore kwekuchinja kubva kune rumwe rudzi rwechifananidzo kune rimwe. Mune mhando yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokurudzira zvinorongerwa kupora, chiratidzo ichocho hachina kunyatsonzwisisika, uye kana chinotsanangurwa se "nhamba yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvezvifananidzo", hazvienzaniswi kubva pakutanga. Chiratidzo che "kuoma kunzwisisa" kwechifananidzo, chinonzwisiswa se "kunyatsorongeka kwekugadzirwa, chiverengero chewedzerwa kumufananidzo mukuru, nezvimwewo," inoratidza humwe hunoonekwa "hunoonekwa" hwehurukuro uye humwe unhu hunoita (semuenzaniso, kuora mwoyo, kuratidzira) kune unhu hwekusika. Mune shanduro yemuedzo, "kuratidza" kwekushanda, "kushanduka", "kusanzwisisika" kwechifananidzo hakushandisi.
Kutsanangurwa kwemigumisiro yechiratidzo chemuedzo uyu kunonyanya kuvimbika pane zvakataurwa zvemuenzaniso, naizvozvo, zvakakwana uye zvakavimbiswa zvirevo pamusoro pomumwe munhu zvinogona kuwanikwa chete mukati megadziriro yemuenzaniso uyu kana wakafanana nawo. Muchiitiko ichi, mitemo uye maatlan ezvinyorwa zvakafanana zvemuenzaniso wevatungamiri vechidiki vanobudiswa, uye nenzira iyo zvinokwanisika kuenzanisa zvakanaka kwete kusataura kwemashoko kwevanhu veizvi kana zvimwe zvakafanana. Kana samuenzaniso yakasiyana chaizvo neyo yakarongedzerwa, zvino zvakafanira kuongororodza zvitsva zvemuenzaniso wose mutsva uye chete ipapo kupa mhedziso pamusoro pevanhu.
Kuti uongorore migumisiro yevanhu vanoedza vanoenderana nekwakapetwa kwevatenenha kana vakafanana nayo, inoratidziro yegorgorithm inotevera inorongwa.
Zvakakosha kuenzanisa iyo yakapedzeswa neaya inowanika muatlas uye pakuwana imwecheteyo, ipai mavambo akaratidzwa maatlas kune ichi chiyero. Kana iri maatlas hapana mifananidzo yakadaro, ipapo kukanganisa kwemifananidzo iyi yakapedzisira kuri 1.00. Nhamba yepakutanga inoratidzirwa sevhareji ye aritimi yezvakabva pamifananidzo yose.
Rega mufananidzo wekutanga uve wakafanana ne 1.5 atlas picture. Kubva kwayo ndeye 0.74. Mufananidzo wechipiri wakafanana nemufananidzo 2.1. Kubva kwaro ndiko 0.00. Mufananidzo wechitatu hauna kufanana nechinhu chipi nechipi, asi zvinhu zvakasikwa zvakagadzirirwa kupenda hazvibatanidzwi mukudhindwa. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu inotsanangurwa sekusimuka kubva mubasa uye kutangira kwechiyero ichi kunofanirwa ku 0.00. Chiratidzo chechina chinoshaikwa. Nhamba yechishanu inozivikanwa seyakasiyana (pasina chinhu muatlas haina kufanana). Kutanga - 1,00. Mifananidzo yechitanhatu yakanga yakafanana nemifananidzo ye 6.3 uye kutanga kwe 0.67. Nokudaro, zvikamu zvacho zvepa protocol iyi 2.41 / 5 = 0.48.
Panoongorora kukosha kwechifananidzo ichi, inofanira kuonekwa kuti pane dzimwe nguva "inowanzo" mifananidzo inoonekwa mukupindura maitiro ekunyengetedza kwavari. Saka, mumufananidzo 1, iyo inonyanya kufanana inodhindwa ndiyo inonzi "gore". Mhando yemufananidzo iwoyo inogona kuonekwa mukupindurwa kwezvinhu zvinokurudzira zvemufananidzo 2 kana 3. MuAtlas maitiro akadaro ekudzokorora haana kupa uye kutangira kwemafananidzo akadaro kunofanira kuongororwa maererano nemifananidzo iripo kune mamwe mifananidzo. Mune mhaka yedu, kutangira kwe "gore" muenzaniso, wakaonekwa mumufananidzo wechipiri, inofungidzirwa pa 0.00 points.
Nhamba yeiyo yakasiyana-siyana (nhamba yemifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana) yemutemo uyu ndeyokuti: 1. Kushandisa pecentile scale yakagadzirwa kune mavara maviri aya, zvinoita kuti uone nzvimbo yemunhu uyu maererano nezvesarudzo yakarongwa uye zvichienderana nekukwanisa kugadzirisa pamusoro pekuwedzerwa kwekusimbiswa kweshoko rake risina maturo.
Migumisiro yeiyo yepamusoro protocol inoratidza kuti munhu uyu ari pamuganhu we 80%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munenge makumi mapfumbamwe nezana (80%) yevanhu mumuenzaniso uyu, kusataura kwezvakanyorwa (maererano nekwakatangira index) yakanga yakakwirira kudarika iyo yake. Zvisinei, nhamba yezvakasiyana ndeyepamusoro uye 20% chete ine index yakakwirira. Kuti uongorore ruzivo rwakadaro, iyo yakananga index ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, kuratidza kuti munhu mutsva angakwanisa sei kusimba, asi simba rinoparadzanisa rehurukuro yakarongwa iduku uye naizvozvo iyo yakatanga index inoshandiswa seyetsero inobatsira.
Percentile scale
- chiyero chevanhu vanova nemigumisiro inopfuura yepamusoro
- kukosha kwehuwandu hunotangira
- rakasiyana nechokuita kukosha
| 1 | 0% | 20% | 40% | 60% | 80% | 100% |
| 2 | 0.95 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.00 |
| 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.00 |